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DELIVERY OF ESSENTIAL HEALTH CARE SERVICES

The Second Long Term Health Plan indicated that priority be given to health promotion and prevention activities based on Primary Health Care principles. It identified Essential Health Care Services (EHCS) that address the most essential health needs of the population and that are highly cost-effective. EHCS are priority public health measures and are essential clinical and curative services for the appropriate treatment of common diseases. The EHCS for Ayurveda and other traditional systems of medicines are defined separately.

Essential Care Services for the Modern System of Medicine

Main Interventions*

Health Problems Addressed

Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries

Common Diseases and injuries

Reproductive health

Maternal and Peri-natal

The expanded programme on immunisation (EPI) and Hepatitis B Vaccine

Diphtheria, Pertusis, TB, Measles, Polio, Neonatal Tetanus, Hepatitis B

Condom promotion and distribution

STD/HIV, Hepatitis B, Cervical Cancer

Leprosy control

Leprosy

Tuberculosis control

Tuberculosis

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)

Diarrhoeal Disease, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM)

Nutritional supplementation, enrichment, nutrition education and rehabilitation

PEM, Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Vitamin A Deficiency, Anaemia, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Diabetes, Rickets, Perinantal Mortality, Maternal Morbidity, Diarrhoeal Disease, ARI

Prevention and control of blindness

Cataracts, Glaucoma, Pterygium, Refractive Error, and other Preventable Eye Infections

Environmental sanitation

Diarrhoeal Disease, Acute Respiratory Infection, Intestinal Helminthes, Vector Borne Diseases, Malnutrition

School health services

Diarrhoeal Disease, Helminthes, Oral Health, HIV, STDs, Malaria, Eye and Hearing Problems, Substance Abuse, Basic Trauma Care

Vector borne disease control

Malaria, Leishmaniasis, Japanese Encephalitis

Oral health services

Oral Health

Prevention of deafness

Hearing Problems

Substance abuse, including tobacco and alcohol control

Cancers, Chronic Respiratory Disease, Traffic Accidents

Mental health services

Mental Health Problems

Accident prevention and rehabilitation

Post Trauma Disabilities

Community-based rehabilitation

Leprosy, Congenital Disabilities, Post Trauma Disabilities, Blindness

Occupational health

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Accident, Cancers, Eye and Skin Diseases, Hearing Loss

Emergency preparedness and management

Natural and Man-made disasters.


*         
Main Interventions are listed in priority order